Genome-Wide Identification and Exogenous Hormone and Stress Response Expression Analysis of the GARP Gene Family in Soybean ( Glycine max )

Lijun Cai, Zhenhua Guo (), Junjie Ding, Zhijia Gai, Jingqi Liu, Qingying Meng, Xu Yang, Na Zhang and Qingsheng Wang
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Lijun Cai: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Zhenhua Guo: Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154026, China
Junjie Ding: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Zhijia Gai: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Jingqi Liu: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Qingying Meng: Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization, Harbin 150086, China
Xu Yang: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Na Zhang: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China
Qingsheng Wang: Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 12, 1-21

Abstract: The GARP transcription factor family is integral to the regulation of plant growth, development, hormone signaling pathways, circadian rhythms, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Despite its recognized importance, a comprehensive characterization of the GARP gene family in Glycine max remains unexplored. In this study, we identified 126 GmGARP genes across the 16 chromosomes of G. max and elucidated their diverse physicochemical properties. Phylogenetic classification grouped the GmGARP genes into eight distinct subfamilies, based on conserved motifs and gene structures, suggesting functional and evolutionary conservation within these clusters. The discovery of 56 segmentally duplicated gene pairs highlights gene duplication as a key driver of family expansion. Promoter analysis revealed various cis-regulatory elements, while expression profiling demonstrated that GmGARP genes possess significant tissue specificity. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that GmGARP genes are highly responsive to exogenous hormones, such as ABA, MeJA, and GA, as well as to abiotic stresses, including cold, salt, and drought conditions. Notably, GmGARP120 and GmGARP98 contain specific cis-elements linked to hormone responses, with their interaction verified through yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. Additionally, 11,195 potential target genes were predicted, underscoring the regulatory potential of the GmGARP transcription factors. These findings provide significant insights into the GmGARP gene family, laying a strong foundation for future studies on its role in G. max development and adaptive responses to environmental stressors.

Keywords: genome-wide analysis; GARP transcription factors; exogenous hormone; stress response; molecular interactions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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