Effect of Genotype and Environment on Yield and Technological and Nutrition Traits on Winter Rye Grain from Organic Production

Sylwia Stępniewska (), Grażyna Cacak-Pietrzak (), Anna Fraś, Krzysztof Jończyk, Marcin Studnicki, Magdalena Wiśniewska, Marlena Gzowska and Agnieszka Salamon
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Sylwia Stępniewska: Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Grażyna Cacak-Pietrzak: Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Anna Fraś: Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
Krzysztof Jończyk: Department of Systems and Economics of Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
Marcin Studnicki: Department of Biometry, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Magdalena Wiśniewska: Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
Marlena Gzowska: Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland
Agnieszka Salamon: Department of Grain Processing and Bakery, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 12, 1-18

Abstract: This study aimed to determine genotype and environment effects on the yield and selected quality traits of winter rye from organic production. The tested material was grain of two hybrid rye cultivars, Tur and KWS Dolaro, and five population cultivars of rye, Dańkowskie Hadron, Dańkowskie Granat, Dańkowskie Turkus, Dańkowskie Skand, and Piastowskie. Field trials were performed at two locations in Poland, Osiny and Grabów, in two growing seasons, 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. The grain yield, moisture content, falling number, thousand-grain weight, and hectoliter weight were determined. The content of basic nutrients, protein, minerals, lipids, carbohydrates, and dietary fibre, as well as the viscosity of aqueous extracts of grain, were also determined. This study revealed that environmental factors, such as harvest year and growing location, as well as the genotype factor, had the greatest effect on the viscosity of aqueous extracts and protein content. The study’s hybrid cultivars, Tur and KWS Dolaro, are characterized by significantly higher yield but lower dietary fibre and protein contents in rye grain and lower viscosity of aqueous compared to all study population cultivars. Of all the studied population cultivars of rye, the grain of the cultivar Dańkowskie Skand was found to be the most beneficial in terms of nutritional value because it was characterized by the highest viscosity of aqueous extracts.

Keywords: hybrid rye; population rye; yield; nutrients; viscosity of aqueous extracts; organic production (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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