Impacts of Climate Change and Agricultural Practices on Nitrogen Processes, Genes, and Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions: A Quantitative Review of Meta-Analyses

Dafeng Hui (), Avedananda Ray, Lovish Kasrija and Jaekedah Christian
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Dafeng Hui: Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
Avedananda Ray: Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
Lovish Kasrija: Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
Jaekedah Christian: Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 2, 1-24

Abstract: Microbial-driven processes, including nitrification and denitrification closely related to soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production, are orchestrated by a network of enzymes and genes such as amoA genes from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ( AOB ) and archaea ( AOA ), narG (nitrate reductase), nirS and nirK (nitrite reductase), and nosZ (N 2 O reductase). However, how climatic factors and agricultural practices could influence these genes and processes and, consequently, soil N 2 O emissions remain unclear. In this comprehensive review, we quantitatively assessed the effects of these factors on nitrogen processes and soil N 2 O emissions using mega-analysis (i.e., meta-meta-analysis). The results showed that global warming increased soil nitrification and denitrification rates, leading to an overall increase in soil N 2 O emissions by 159.7%. Elevated CO 2 stimulated both nirK and nirS with a substantial increase in soil N 2 O emission by 40.6%. Nitrogen fertilization amplified NH 4 + -N and NO 3 − -N contents, promoting AOB , nirS , and nirK , and caused a 153.2% increase in soil N 2 O emission. The application of biochar enhanced AOA , nirS , and nosZ , ultimately reducing soil N 2 O emission by 15.8%. Exposure to microplastics mostly stimulated the denitrification process and increased soil N 2 O emissions by 140.4%. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of nitrogen processes and the microbial regulation of soil N 2 O emissions.

Keywords: denitrification; global warming; greenhouse gas emission; mega-analysis; nitrogen fertilizer; N 2 O; precipitation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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