Molecular Basis of Energy Crops Functioning in Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Pollution

Shuoqi Huang, Zhenqiang Lu, Xiaoxin Zhao, Wenbo Tan, Hao Wang, Dali Liu () and Wang Xing
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Shuoqi Huang: Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Zhenqiang Lu: Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Xiaoxin Zhao: National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Wenbo Tan: National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Hao Wang: National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Dali Liu: National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
Wang Xing: National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 6, 1-19

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution is a gradually growing environmental issue that hinders the growth and development of plants, and also destabilizes soil. Consequently, eco-friendly phytoremediation methods have gained traction, with energy crops emerging as a particularly effective solution. Energy crops not only provide high-quality plant materials for detoxification and remediation of heavy metal pollution, but also possess energy properties conducive to biofuel production. Therefore, this paper delves into the tolerance mechanism of energy crops towards heavy metal toxicity, elucidating processes such as root complex-mediated inhibition of metal migration and response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) through heavy metal-related proteins, enzyme systems, reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and hormones. Moreover, it summarizes the heavy metals remediation mechanisms of energy crops, including uptake, translocation, chelation, immobilization, and sequestration. This paper explores applications of energy crops in heavy metal pollution remediation, emphasizing the methods for efficient biochar remediation and biofuel generation. Furthermore, potential challenges in using energy crops for heavy metal pollution remediation are outlined. By systematically examining the function mechanisms and prospective applications of energy crops in heavy metal pollution bioremediation, this paper serves as a valuable reference for both research and practical implementation in this field.

Keywords: heavy metal pollution; energy crops; bioremediation; heavy metal toxicity; applications; biofuels (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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