Investigation on Seed-Filling Effect of Quantitative Precision Filling High-Speed Seed-Metering Device for Maize

Jianxin Dong, Jingtao Wu, Yu Zhu and Xiaojun Gao ()
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Jianxin Dong: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
Jingtao Wu: College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Yu Zhu: College of Humanities and Social Development, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Xiaojun Gao: College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 14, 1-22

Abstract: Aiming at the unstable filling effect under high-speed operating conditions of the maize mechanical precision metering device, which easily causes the problem of leakage and multiple filling, a novel filling method was proposed to limit the number of seeds accumulation in front of the filling port by a composite seeding tray and improve the filling effect for single-seed. Meanwhile, a quantitative precision filling seed-metering device for maize was presented. The structural parameter design of the key components was completed, and the principle of improving the seed-filling effect was analyzed and elucidated. The optimal type of grooved teeth for the composite seeding tray was selected, and a Box–Behnken orthogonal optimization experiment was conducted using EDEM simulation. The high-speed seed-metering performance optimization results were validated through a platformed performance experiment. The results indicated that the seed-metering device had higher seed supply capacity, better seed-filling effect, and superior seed-metering performance under the type A grooved teeth condition. When the opening height of the seed barrier was 19.4 mm, the depth of the grooved teeth was 1.2 mm, and the operating speed was 10.7 km·h −1 , the seed-metering performance was optimal. The passing, repetitive, and miss rates were 95.1%, 1.6%, and 3.3%, respectively. When the operating speed was 8–14 km·h −1 , the passing rate of the seed-metering device was higher than 94.1%, the repetitive rate was lower than 2.3%, and the miss rate was lower than 3.7%. This work provides a reference for enhancing the seed-filling effect of mechanical precision metering devices under high-speed operating conditions.

Keywords: high-speed maize seeder; initial filling; single-seed; precision filling; EDEM (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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