Operating Speed Analysis of a 1.54 kW Walking-Type One-Row Cam-Follower-Type Cabbage Transplanter for Biodegradable Seedling Pots

Md Razob Ali, Md Nasim Reza, Kyu-Ho Lee, Samsuzzaman, Eliezel Habineza, Md Asrakul Haque, Beom-Sun Kang and Sun-Ok Chung ()
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Md Razob Ali: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Md Nasim Reza: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Kyu-Ho Lee: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Samsuzzaman: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Eliezel Habineza: Department of Smart Agricultural Systems, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Md Asrakul Haque: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
Beom-Sun Kang: HSM Co., Ltd., Cheonan 31246, Republic of Korea
Sun-Ok Chung: Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 17, 1-21

Abstract: Improving the operational speed of cabbage transplanters is essential for precision seed-ling placement and labor efficiency. In South Korea, manual cabbage transplanting can demand up to 184 person-hours per hectare, often leading to delays during peak periods due to labor shortages. Moreover, the environmental urgency to reduce plastic waste has accelerated the adoption of biodegradable pots in mechanized systems, supporting global sustainable development goals. This study aimed to determine optimal working conditions for a 1.54 kW semi-automatic single-row cabbage transplanter designed for biodegradable pots. The cam-follower-based planting mechanism was analyzed to identify ideal forward and rotational speeds, while evaluating power consumption and seedling placement quality. The mechanism includes a crank-driven four-bar linkage, with an added restoring spring for enhanced motion stability. A total of nine simulation trials were conducted across forward speeds of 250, 300, and 350 mm/s and planting unit speeds of 40, 50, and 60 rpm. Simulation and experimental results confirmed that a forward velocity of 300 mm/s and crank speed of 60 rpm produced optimal outcomes, achieving a vertical hopper displacement of 280 mm, minimal soil disturbance (2186.95 ± 2.27 mm 2 ), upright seedling alignment, and the lowest power usage (17.42 ± 1.21 W). Comparative analysis showed that under the optimal condition, the characteristic coefficient λ = 1 minimized misalignment and power loss. These results support scalable and energy-efficient transplanting systems suitable for smallholder and mid-sized farms, offering an environmentally sustainable solution.

Keywords: cabbage transplanter; biodegradable seedling pot; seedling transplantation; working speed; power consumption (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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