Organic and Mineral Fertilization on the Photosynthetic, Nutritional, and Productive Efficiency of ( Ficus carica L.) Subjected to Conduction Systems in a Semi-Arid Region of Brazil

Agda Malany Forte de Oliveira, Vander Mendonça, Patrycia Elen Costa Amorim, Raires Irlenizia da Silva Freire, Lucas Rodrigues Bezerra da Silva, David Emanoel Gomes da Silva, Fagner Nogueira Ferreira, Semako Ibrahim Bonou, Luderlândio de Andrade Silva, Pedro Dantas Fernandes, Alberto Soares de Melo and Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ()
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Agda Malany Forte de Oliveira: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Vander Mendonça: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Patrycia Elen Costa Amorim: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Raires Irlenizia da Silva Freire: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Lucas Rodrigues Bezerra da Silva: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
David Emanoel Gomes da Silva: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Fagner Nogueira Ferreira: Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil
Semako Ibrahim Bonou: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil
Luderlândio de Andrade Silva: Center for Agrifood Science and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Pombal 58840-000, PB, Brazil
Pedro Dantas Fernandes: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil
Alberto Soares de Melo: Department of Biology, State University of Paraiba—UEPB, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá: Department of Agrarian and Exact Sciences, State University of Paraíba—UEPB, Catolé do Rocha 54888-000, PB, Brazil

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-23

Abstract: Fig tree growth and development are highly susceptible to variations influenced by abiotic factors and management practices, including fertilization and training systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic and mineral fertilization on the photosynthetic, nutritional, and productive efficiency of fig trees subjected to different training systems in semi-arid regions. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with three blocks and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of five fertilizer sources (mineral fertilizer (NPK) applied at a dose of 126 g N, 90 g P, and 90 g K per plant (M); and four organic sources—cattle manure (CM), organic compost (OC), chicken litter (CL), and sheep manure (SM), all applied at a dose of 10 kg per plant); and four types of training systems (plants with two branches (2B), three branches (3B), four branches (4B), and espalier). Our results demonstrated that the mineral fertilizer (M) and chicken litter (CL) treatments yielded the highest results, particularly in photosynthetic performance. Fig trees fertilized with mineral fertilizer and subjected to the 3B system showed enhanced net photosynthesis (36.96 µmol m −2 s −1 ) and, consequently, higher productivity of 21.28 t ha −1 . Similarly, plants fertilized with chicken litter (CL) under the 4B system produced comparable results. These findings demonstrate that the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, combined with an appropriate training system, is a viable strategy for optimizing fig productivity and profitability in semi-arid conditions.

Keywords: fig tree; chlorophyll content; yield; gas exchange; pruning systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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