Targeted Metabolomics Combined with OPLS-DA to Elucidate Phenolic Differences in Eight Cashew Apples

Haijie Huang, Huifang Ma, Li Zhao, Weijian Huang, Xuejie Feng, Fuchu Hu, Ya Zhao, Liming Chen, Yingjun Ye, Zhongrun Zhang () and Yijun Liu ()
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Haijie Huang: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
Huifang Ma: Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage & Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
Li Zhao: Tropical Biodiversity and Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou 571129, China
Weijian Huang: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
Xuejie Feng: Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
Fuchu Hu: Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
Ya Zhao: Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
Liming Chen: South Breeding Research Center, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
Yingjun Ye: Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
Zhongrun Zhang: Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
Yijun Liu: Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage & Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: Phenolic compounds were separated and identified using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and analyzed with OPLS-DA and metabolomics in eight cashew apples. The results showed that the phenolic compound content in Bra4 was the highest, while Gua had the lowest levels. The content of 39 phenolic compounds (nine types) showed significant variability across the 8 cashew apples. Sixteen phenolic compounds with significant differences were excavated and could be used to differentiate and identify cashew apple varieties. The 18 differentially significant phenolic compounds present in Bra4 and Gua were mainly distributed in 6 metabolic pathways, and the metabolic pathways of flavonoid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were elucidated to regulate the synthesis of luteolin and syringin, respectively. These studies provide a scientific basis for selecting and breeding cashew varieties and developing products.

Keywords: cashew apple; LC-MS/MS; phenolics; metabolism (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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