Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment

Dariusz Jaskulski (), Iwona Jaskulska, Emilian Różniak, Maja Radziemska, Barbara Klik and Martin Brtnický
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Dariusz Jaskulski: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Iwona Jaskulska: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Emilian Różniak: Research & Development Centre Agro-Land Marek Różniak Śmielin, Kościelna 1, 89-110 Sadki, Poland
Maja Radziemska: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Barbara Klik: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Martin Brtnický: Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: Modern agricultural machines are subject to requirements that result from developments in plant cultivation technology and environmental care. Agricultural practice demands multifunctional machines that perform several agrotechnical treatments in a single pass. Automated and digitalised management of machines and their working parts is also becoming standard. A strip-till one-pass machine was designed that automatically regulates and monitors sowing rate and depths and the application of fertiliser to loosened soil strips. Among other things, an electro-hydraulic depth regulator with a built-in linear potentiometer and an overload sensor was used. Laboratory and field tests assessed the accuracy of the rate and depth of sowing wheat grain and fertiliser application by the innovative machine. This study confirmed the machine’s high quality of wheat sowing. The accuracy of the operating parameters was not less than 97% in laboratory tests and 92% in field conditions. The field emergence capacity of wheat was 88% and its sowing density can be considered good. The machine provides uniform operation of all 11 multifunctional assemblies (units, sections of loosening-applying tines and sowing coulters). The coefficient of variation (CV) of grain sowing and granular fertiliser application by individual assemblies was in the range of 4.27–7.29% and 3.74–6.90%, respectively. The sowing depth accuracy expressed as an accuracy coefficient (DA) was 87.33–93.67% with CV 4.62–9.65%. The machine’s introduction onto the market can facilitate field cultivation of plants in accordance with the principles of conservation agriculture and Agriculture 4.0.

Keywords: agricultural machinery; depth regulator; strip tillage; fertiliser; sowing grain; sowing depth; emergence capacity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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