Contribution of Acid Additive to Co-Composting of Chicken Manure: Gas Emission Reduction and Economic Assessment

Wentao Xue, Mao Li, Ling Zhang, Qinping Sun, Shanjiang Liu, Hao Sun, Rong Wu, Guoyuan Zou and Na Duan ()
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Wentao Xue: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Mao Li: College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Ling Zhang: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Qinping Sun: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Shanjiang Liu: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Hao Sun: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Rong Wu: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Guoyuan Zou: Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Na Duan: College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-22

Abstract: Acidic additives have garnered significant attention due to their ability to reduce ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions, enhance nitrogen retention, and balance function with cost-effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the potential of oxalic acid (OA) in reducing gas emissions, promoting compost humification, and enhancing nutrient retention during the co-composting of chicken manure. Moreover, the comparative analysis of the effects and the economic benefits was conducted among OA groups with varying concentrations (OA1: 0.03 mol·kg −1 , OA2: 0.10 mol·kg −1 , and OA3: 0.15 mol·kg −1 ) and a sulfuric acid (SA) group (SA1: 0.03 mol·kg −1 ). The results indicated that the addition of OA can extend the thermophilic phase to some extent and achieve the required composting maturity. As the amount of OA increased, the NH 3 emissions ( p < 0.05) and the total nitrogen loss rate was decreased; however, this also increased the cost. No significant difference in the total nitrogen loss rate was observed between SA1 and OA1 ( p < 0.05). It is worth noting that the addition of SA increased the SO 4 2− content, leading to an increase of 113.52% in H 2 S emissions. In contrast, the addition of OA resulted in a reduction in H 2 S emissions by 29.92–45.90%. In terms of economic analysis, OA1 was the most effective (OA1 > OA2 > OA3 > SA1). Thereby, OA was proved to be a good alternative for SA in the co-composting of chicken manure, and 0.03 mol·kg −1 OA is recommended.

Keywords: oxalic acid; sulfuric acid; ammonia; hydrogen sulfide; economic benefits (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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