Nitrogen Fertiliser Reduction at Different Rice Growth Stages and Increased Density Improve Rice Yield and Quality in Northeast China

Wenjun Dong (), Yuhan Zhang, Frederick Danso, Jun Zhang, Ao Tang, Youhong Liu, Kai Liu, Ying Meng, Lizhi Wang, Zhongliang Yang and Feng Jiao
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Wenjun Dong: Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Yuhan Zhang: College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
Frederick Danso: CSIR-Oil Palm Research Institute, Kade P.O. Box 74, Ghana
Jun Zhang: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Ao Tang: Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Youhong Liu: Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Kai Liu: Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
Ying Meng: Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Lizhi Wang: Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Zhongliang Yang: Institute of Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150023, China
Feng Jiao: College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 8, 1-20

Abstract: Rice yield and quality decline due to excessive fertiliser use is problematic in China. To increase rice grain filling and improve rice yield and quality, a nitrogen reduction and density increase study in 2023 and 2024 was imposed on a long-term experimental field. The four treatments adopted for the study were normal nitrogen and normal density (CK), normal nitrogen and increased density (NN+ID), reduced nitrogen in panicle fertiliser and increased density (RPN+ID), and reduced nitrogen in basal fertiliser and increased density (RBN+ID). RPN+ID and RBN+ID, respectively, produced a 3.0% and 5.1% higher yield than CK in both years. The mean grain filling rate (Va) of superior grains in RBN+ID increased by 12.5%, while the mean grain filling rate (Va) of inferior grains in the RPN+ID treatment increased by 4.2% with respect to CK. RPN+ID caused 0.4%, 9.6%, and 13.3% decline in the brown rice rate, chalkiness degree, and chalkiness rate, respectively, while RBN+ID triggered 0.4%, 7.2%, and 11.0% decline in the brown rice rate, chalkiness degree, and chalkiness rate, respectively. RPN+ID stimulated 4.2% and 3.1% increases in flavour and straight-chain amylose values, respectively. Whereas a 20% reduction in basal nitrogen fertiliser and a 32% increase in density improved the yield and appearance quality of rice, a 20% reduction in nitrogen fertiliser at the panicle stage and a 32% increase in density promoted a higher steaming flavour quality. Therefore, an appropriate reduction in nitrogen fertiliser while simultaneously increasing rice density has a significant impact on rice quality, fertiliser pollution reduction, and is a theoretical basis for rice yield and quality improvement in Northeast China.

Keywords: reduced nitrogen; increased density; grain filling; grain yield; rice quality; Northeast China (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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