Design and Performance Test of Variable-Capacity Spoon-Type Oat Precision Hill Seeder

Wenxue Dong, Anbin Zhang, Fei Liu (), Xuan Zhao, Yuxing Ren, Hongbin Bai, Dezheng Xuan, Xiang Kong, Shuhan Yang and Xu Yang
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Wenxue Dong: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Anbin Zhang: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Fei Liu: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Xuan Zhao: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Yuxing Ren: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Hongbin Bai: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Dezheng Xuan: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Xiang Kong: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Shuhan Yang: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
Xu Yang: College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China

Agriculture, 2025, vol. 15, issue 9, 1-20

Abstract: Conventional oat seeders suffer from poor seeding uniformity, a large coefficient of variation in seed volume, and significant seed wastage. To address these issues, a variable-capacity spoon-type oat precision hill seeder was designed based on the agronomic requirements of oat hole seeding and the structural characteristics of hill seeders. Through force analysis and theoretical calculations, the angular velocity range of the variable-capacity spoon-type oat precision hill seeder was determined to be within 0–6.9 rad/s. An experiment was conducted using the angular velocity of the hill seeder, the inclination angle of the seed guide spoon, and the length of the bridging groove as test factors. The ranges of these factors for optimal seed displacement performance were established. Based on the Box–Behnken test principle, a response surface test was designed using Design-Expert software (Design-Expert 13). Experimental results identified the optimal operating parameters as follows: an angular velocity of 4.9 rad/s for the hill seeder, a guide spoon inclination angle of 71.0°, and a bridging groove length of 10.9 mm. Under these conditions, the qualified rate, leakage rate, and multiple rates were 92.2%, 5.3%, and 2.6%, respectively. The results of the field trial showed that the seeding qualified rate was 91.2%, the leakage rate was 4.6%, and the multiple rate was 4.2%. The errors between the field test results and the simulation test results were −1.0%, −0.7%, and 1.6%, respectively, meeting the requirements for oat seeding.

Keywords: oat; precision hill seeder; seed picking spoon; discrete element method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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