Analyzing the Tourism–Energy–Growth Nexus for the Top 10 Most-Visited Countries

Cem Işık, Eyüp Doğan and Serdar Ongan
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Eyüp Doğan: Department of Economics, Abdullah Gül University, 38080 Kayseri, Turkey
Serdar Ongan: Department of Economics, St. Mary’s College of Maryland, St. Mary’s City, MD 20686, USA

Economies, 2017, vol. 5, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: By using the Emirmahmutoglu–Kose bootstrap Granger non-causality method, this study explores the directions of causality among tourist arrivals, tourism receipts, energy consumption and economic growth for the top 10 most-visited countries (France, the USA, Spain, China, Italy, Turkey, Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia, and Mexico) in the world. This study finds a variety of causal directions between the pair of analyzed variables for each country and the panel. Since cross-sectional dependence exists across the top countries for the analyzed variables, the bootstrap Granger causality test that accounts for the mentioned issue in the estimation process presumably produces reliable and accurate outputs. Further results and policy implications are discussed in this empirical study.

Keywords: Granger causality; tourist arrivals; tourism receipts; energy consumption; economic growth; the top 10 most-visited countries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E F I J O Q (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

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