Attention Shaping and Software Risk—A Categorical Analysis of Four Classical Risk Management Approaches

Kalle Lyytinen, Lars Mathiassen and Janne Ropponen
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Kalle Lyytinen: Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of Jyväskylä, Seminaarinkatu 15, PL 35, 40350 Jyväskylä, Finland
Lars Mathiassen: Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
Janne Ropponen: Nokia Telecommunications, Network Management Systems, P.O. Box 759, 33101 Tampere, Finland

Information Systems Research, 1998, vol. 9, issue 3, 233-255

Abstract: This paper examines software risk management in a novel way, emphasizing the ways in which managers address software risks through sequential attention shaping and intervention. Software risks are interpreted as incongruent states within a socio-technical model of organizational change that includes task, structure, technology, and actors. Such incongruence can lead to failures in developing or implementing the system and thus to major losses. Based on this model we synthesize a set of software risk factors and risk resolution techniques, which cover the socio-technical components and their interactions. We use the model to analyze how four classical risk management approaches—McFarlan's portfolio approach, Davis' contingency approach, Boehm's software risk approach, and Alter's and Ginzberg's implementation approach—shape managerial attention. This analysis shows that the four approaches differ significantly in their view of the manager's role and possible actions. We advise managers to be aware of the limitations of each approach and to combine them to orchestrate comprehensive risk management practices in a context. Overall, the paper provides a new interpretation of software risk management which goes beyond a narrow system rationalism by suggesting a contingent, contextual, and multivariate view of software development.

Keywords: Software Development; Information System Failure; Risk Management; Risk Management Technique; Socio-Technical Analysis; Content Analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1998
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (19)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:inm:orisre:v:9:y:1998:i:3:p:233-255

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