The Situated Nature of Adaptive Learning in Organizations

Marcie J. Tyre and Eric von Hippel
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Marcie J. Tyre: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
Eric von Hippel: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142

Organization Science, 1997, vol. 8, issue 1, 71-83

Abstract: This paper explores the nature of adaptive learning around new technology in organizations. To understand this issue, we examine the process of problem solving involving new production equipment during early factory use. We find that adaptation is a situated process, in that different organizational settings (1) contain different kinds of clues about the underlying issues, (2) offer different resources for generating and analyzing information, and (3) evoke different assumptions on the part of problem solvers. Consequently, actors frequently must move in an alternating fashion between different organizational settings before they can identify the causal underpinnings of a problem and develop a suitable solution.These findings suggest that traditional, decontextualized theories of adaptive learning and of collaboration could be improved by taking into account that learning occurs through people interacting in context ---or, more specifically, in multiple contexts. Learning is often enhanced not just by bringing people together, but by moving them around to confront different sorts of clues, gather different kinds of data, use different kinds of tools, and experience different pressures relevant to a given problem. We discuss both managerial and theoretical implications of these findings.

Keywords: situated learning; learning by doing; adaptive learning; technical problem solving (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1997
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