The merits of teacher assessment versus external exams to measure student achievement

Oliver Cassagneau-Francis and Gill Wyness

IZA World of Labor, 2025, No 517, 517

Abstract: There is little to no consensus in the academic literature over whether centralised, standardised exams are better for students than teacher assessments. While a growing body of evidence from economics highlights bias in teacher assessments, educationalists and psychologists point to the harm caused by high-stakes exam-related stress and argue that exams and teacher assessments generally agree very closely. This lack of academic consensus is reflected in policy: a wide variety of assessment methods are used across (and even within) countries. Policymakers should be aware of the potential for inequalities in non-blind assessments and consider carefully the consequences of relying on a single method of assessment.

Keywords: teacher assessment; grading; external exams; students; teachers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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