The gender gap in children’s educational time investments in informal settlements

Michelle Escobar Carías (), Nicole Black, David Johnston, Rohan Sweeney, S. Fiona Barker, Rosnaena, Syaidah Syamsul and Taniela Waka
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Michelle Escobar Carías: Department of Economics
Nicole Black: Centre for Health Economics
David Johnston: Centre for Health Economics
Rohan Sweeney: Centre for Health Economics
S. Fiona Barker: Nursing and Health Sciences
Rosnaena: RISE Program Indonesia
Syaidah Syamsul: RISE Program Indonesia
Taniela Waka: RISE Program Fiji

Review of Economics of the Household, 2025, vol. 23, issue 3, No 10, 1133-1153

Abstract: Abstract We document gender differences in children’s time investments in education, unpaid labour, and leisure in an understudied population of children living in urban informal settlements in Indonesia and Fiji. Using within-settlement and within-sibling comparisons, we find that boys spend significantly less time than girls on schooling and homework and more time on leisure activities. We find no evidence that parents spend less time engaged in educational activities with sons compared with daughters. We find that the gender gaps in time use are more pronounced among children whose parents have lower schooling and more financial constraints.

Keywords: Gender gap; Time use; Education; Informal settlements (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I24 I25 I3 J22 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s11150-025-09772-7

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