Dodecamer repeat expansion in cystatin B gene in progressive myoclonus epilepsy

Maria D. Lalioti, Hamish S. Scott, Catherine Buresi, Colette Rossier, Armand Bottani, Michael A. Morris, Alain Malafosse and Stylianos E. Antonarakis
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Maria D. Lalioti: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Hamish S. Scott: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Catherine Buresi: Hospital 'Belle-Idée'; University of Geneva Medical School, Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Colette Rossier: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Armand Bottani: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Michael A. Morris: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Alain Malafosse: Hospital 'Belle-Idée'; University of Geneva Medical School, Cantonal Hospital of Geneva
Stylianos E. Antonarakis: Cantonal Hospital of Geneva

Nature, 1997, vol. 386, issue 6627, 847-851

Abstract: Abstract Progressive myoclonus epilepsy of the Unverricht–Lundborg type (EPM1; MIM 254800) is an autosomal recessive disorder with onset between 6 and 13 years followed by variable progression to mental deterioration and cerebellar ataxia1. It is a rare disorder but more common in Finland (1 in 20,000) and the western Mediterranean1,2. Two point mutations in the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene cystatin B (CSTB), proved that this gene is responsible for EPM1 (ref. 3). An extensive search in the CSTB gene revealed mutations accounting only for 14% of the 58 unrelated EPM1 alleles studied4. Here we report that the majority of EPM1 alleles contain expansions of a dodecamer (12-mer) repeat located about 70 nucleotides upstream of the transcription start site nearest to the 5′ end of the CSTB gene. Normal alleles contain 2 or 3 copies of this repeat whereas mutant alleles contain more than 60 such repeats and have reduced levels of CSTB messenger RNA in blood but not in cell lines. 'Premutation' CSTB alleles with 12–17 repeats show marked instability when transmitted to offspring.

Date: 1997
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DOI: 10.1038/386847a0

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