Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour-encoding neural assemblies

Mark Stopfer, Seetha Bhagavan, Brian H. Smith and Gilles Laurent ()
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Mark Stopfer: California Institute of Technology Biology Division
Seetha Bhagavan: Ohio State University
Brian H. Smith: Ohio State University
Gilles Laurent: California Institute of Technology Biology Division

Nature, 1997, vol. 390, issue 6655, 70-74

Abstract: Abstract Stimulus-evoked oscillatory synchronization of neural assemblies has been described in the olfactory1,2,3,4,5 and visual6,7,8 systems of several vertebrates and invertebrates. In locusts, information about odour identity is contained in the timing of action potentials in an oscillatory population response9,10,11, suggesting that oscillations may reflect a common reference for messages encoded in time. Although the stimulus-evoked oscillatory phenomenon is reliable, its roles in sensation, perception, memory formation and pattern recognition remain to be demonstrated — a task requiring a behavioural paradigm. Using honeybees, we now demonstrate that odour encoding involves, as it does in locusts, the oscillatory synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we show that picrotoxin-induced desynchronization impairs the discrimination of molecularly similar odorants, but not that of dissimilar odorants. It appears, therefore, that oscillatory synchronization of neuronal assemblies is functionally relevant, and essential for fine sensory discrimination. This suggests that oscillatory synchronization and the kind of temporal encoding it affords provide an additional dimension by which the brain could segment spatially overlapping stimulus representations.

Date: 1997
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DOI: 10.1038/36335

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