Negative Poisson's ratios as a common feature of cubic metals

Ray H. Baughman (), Justin M. Shacklette, Anvar A. Zakhidov and Sven Stafström
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Ray H. Baughman: AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology
Justin M. Shacklette: AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology
Anvar A. Zakhidov: AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology
Sven Stafström: Linköping University

Nature, 1998, vol. 392, issue 6674, 362-365

Abstract: Abstract Poisson's ratio is, for specified directions, the ratio of a lateral contraction to the longitudinal extension during the stretching of a material. Although a negative Poisson's ratio (that is, a lateral extension in response to stretching) is not forbidden by thermodynamics, this property is generally believed to be rare in crystalline solids1. In contrast to this belief, 69% of the cubic elemental metals have a negative Poisson's ratio when stretched along the [110] direction. For these metals, we find that correlations exist between the work function and the extremal values of Poisson's ratio for this stretch direction, which we explain using a simple electron-gas model. Moreover, these negative Poisson's ratios permit the existence, in the orthogonal lateral direction, of positive Poisson's ratios up to the stability limit of 2 for cubic crystals. Such metals having negative Poisson's ratios may find application as electrodes that amplify the response of piezoelectric sensors.

Date: 1998
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DOI: 10.1038/32842

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