Simulated influence of carbon dioxide, orbital forcing and ice sheets on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum

Andrew J. Weaver (), Michael Eby, Augustus F. Fanning and Edward C. Wiebe
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Andrew J. Weaver: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria
Michael Eby: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria
Augustus F. Fanning: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria
Edward C. Wiebe: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria

Nature, 1998, vol. 394, issue 6696, 847-853

Abstract: Abstract A coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea-ice model is used to investigate the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (∼21,000 years ago) and the relative climate-forcing effects of atmosphere CO2, the Earth's orbital parameters and ice-sheet albedo. Tropical temperatures are found to be ∼2.2 °C less than today's—slightly colder than indicated by the CLIMAP palaeoclimate reconstruction. This result is consistent with a low to medium climate sensitivity to radiative perturbations. Temperatures are colder still in the northern North Atlantic region, owing to a weakening and shallowing of the thermohaline circulation. A sensitivity analysis suggests that changes in ocean circulation since the Last Glacial Maximum have not contributed directly to the global-mean temperature change since that time.

Date: 1998
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DOI: 10.1038/29695

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