Apoptosis of CD8+ T cells is mediated by macrophages through interaction of HIV gp120 with chemokine receptor CXCR4

Georges Herbein, Ulrich Mahlknecht, Franak Batliwalla, Peter Gregersen, Todd Pappas, John Butler, William A. O'Brien and Eric Verdin ()
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Georges Herbein: The Picower Institute for Medical Research
Ulrich Mahlknecht: The Picower Institute for Medical Research
Franak Batliwalla: North Shore University Hospital/Cornell University Medical College
Peter Gregersen: North Shore University Hospital/Cornell University Medical College
Todd Pappas: University of Texas Medical Branch
John Butler: University of Texas Medical Branch
William A. O'Brien: University of Texas Medical Branch
Eric Verdin: The Picower Institute for Medical Research

Nature, 1998, vol. 395, issue 6698, 189-194

Abstract: Abstract CD8-positive T cells are thought to play an important role in the control of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a result of their cytotoxic activity and by releasing soluble factors1,2. In AIDS patients, the absolute number of CD8+ T lymphocytes is decreased in peripheral blood3,4 and their turnover rate is increased, suggesting that there is more cell renewal and cell death occurring5. Anti-retroviral therapy raises CD8+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients6,7,8. Here we report that the death rate of CD8+ T cells by apoptosis increased markedly during HIV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Apoptosis is induced in a dose-dependent manner by recombinant envelope glycoprotein gp120 from HIV strain X4, or by stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), the physiological ligand of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Apoptosis is mediated by the interaction between tumour-necrosis factor-α bound to the membrane of macrophages (mbTNF) and a receptor on CD8+ T cells (TNF-receptor II, or TNFRII). The expression of both of these cell-surface proteins is upregulated by HIV infection or by treatment with recombinant gp120 or SDF-1. Apoptosis of CD8+ T cells isolated from HIV-infected patients is also mediated by macrophages through the interaction between mbTNF and TNFRII. These results indicate that the increased turnover of CD8+ T cells in HIV-infected subjects is mediated by the HIV envelope protein through the CXCR4 chemokine receptor.

Date: 1998
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DOI: 10.1038/26026

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