Calcium promotes cell survival through CaM-K kinase activation of the protein-kinase-B pathway

Shigetoshi Yano, Hiroshi Tokumitsu and Thomas R. Soderling ()
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Shigetoshi Yano: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University
Hiroshi Tokumitsu: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University
Thomas R. Soderling: Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University

Nature, 1998, vol. 396, issue 6711, 584-587

Abstract: Abstract The protection against apoptosis provided by growth factors in several cell lines is due to stimulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) pathway, which results in activation of protein kinase B1,2 (PKB; also known as c-Akt and Rac) and phosphorylation and sequestration to protein 14-3-3 of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-family member BAD3,4,5,6,7. A modest increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration also promotes survival of some cultured neurons8,9 through a pathway that requires calmodulin but is independent of PI(3)K and the MAP kinases10,11. Here we report that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK) activates PKB directly, resulting in phosphorylation of BAD on serine residue 136 and the interaction of BAD with protein 14-3-3. Serum withdrawal induced a three- to fourfold increase in cell death of NG108 neuroblastoma cells, and this apoptosis was largely blocked by increasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration with NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) or KCl or by transfection with constitutively active CaM-KK. The effect of NMDA on cell survival was blocked by transfection with dominant-negative forms of CaM-KK or PKB. These results identify a Ca2+-triggered signalling cascade in which CaM-KK activates PKB, which in turn phosphorylates BAD and protects cells from apoptosis.

Date: 1998
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DOI: 10.1038/25147

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