Structure of the small G protein Cdc42 bound to the GTPase-binding domain of ACK

Helen R. Mott, Darerca Owen, Daniel Nietlispach, Peter N. Lowe, Edward Manser, Louis Lim and Ernest D. Laue ()
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Helen R. Mott: Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition, University of Cambridge
Darerca Owen: Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition, University of Cambridge
Daniel Nietlispach: Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition, University of Cambridge
Peter N. Lowe: Glaxo Wellcome Medicines Research Centre
Edward Manser: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, The National University of Singapore
Louis Lim: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, The National University of Singapore
Ernest D. Laue: Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition, University of Cambridge

Nature, 1999, vol. 399, issue 6734, 384-388

Abstract: Abstract The proteins Cdc42 and Rac are members of the Rho family of small GTPases (G proteins), which control signal-transduction pathways that lead to rearrangements of the cell cytoskeleton, cell differentiation and cell proliferation. They do so by binding to downstream effector proteins1. Some of these, known as CRIB (for Cdc42/Rac interactive-binding) proteins2, bind to both Cdc42 and Rac, such as the PAK1–3 serine/threonine kinases3, whereas others are specific for Cdc42, such as the ACK tyrosine kinases4,5 and the Wiscott–Aldrich-syndrome proteins (WASPs)6,7. The effector loop of Cdc42 and Rac (comprising residues 30–40, also called switch I), is one of two regions which change conformation on exchange of GDP for GTP. This region is almost identical in Cdc42 and Racs, indicating that it does not determine the specificity of these G proteins. Here we report the solution structure of the complex of Cdc42 with the GTPase-binding domain of ACK4,5. Both proteins undergo significant conformational changes on binding, to form a new type of G-protein/effector complex. The interaction extends the β-sheet in Cdc42 by binding an extended strand from ACK, as seen in Ras/effector interactions8,9, but it also involves other regions of the G protein that are important for determining the specificity of effector binding.

Date: 1999
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DOI: 10.1038/20732

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