Anomalous 17O compositions in massive sulphate deposits on the Earth

Huiming Bao (), Mark H. Thiemens, James Farquhar, Douglas A. Campbell, Charles Chi-Woo Lee, Klaus Heine and David B. Loope
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Huiming Bao: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego
Mark H. Thiemens: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego
James Farquhar: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego
Douglas A. Campbell: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego
Charles Chi-Woo Lee: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego
Klaus Heine: Institute of Geography, University of Regensburg
David B. Loope: University of Nebraska Lincoln

Nature, 2000, vol. 406, issue 6792, 176-178

Abstract: Abstract The variation of δ18O that results from nearly all physical, biological and chemical processes on the Earth is approximately twice as large as the variation of δ17O. This so-called ‘mass-dependent’ fractionation is well documented in terrestrial minerals1,2. Evidence for ‘mass-independent’ fractionation (Δ17O = δ17O - 0.52δ18O), where deviation from this tight relationship occurs, has so far been found only in meteoritic material and a few terrestrial atmospheric substances3. In the rock record it is thought that oxygen isotopes have followed a mass-dependent relationship for at least the past 3.7 billion years (ref. 4), and no exception to this has been encountered for terrestrial solids5. Here, however, we report oxygen-isotope values of two massive sulphate mineral deposits, which formed in surface environments on the Earth but show large isotopic anomalies (Δ17O up to 4.6‰). These massive sulphate deposits are gypcretes from the central Namib Desert and the sulphate-bearing Miocene volcanic ash-beds in North America. The source of this isotope anomaly might be related to sulphur oxidation reactions in the atmosphere and therefore enable tracing of such oxidation. These findings also support the possibility of a chemical origin of variable isotope anomalies on other planets, such as Mars6.

Date: 2000
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DOI: 10.1038/35018052

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