Universal quantum computation with the exchange interaction

D. P. DiVincenzo (), D. Bacon, J. Kempe, G. Burkard and K. B. Whaley
Additional contact information
D. P. DiVincenzo: T. J. Watson Research Center
D. Bacon: Department of Chemistry
J. Kempe: Department of Chemistry
G. Burkard: Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Basel
K. B. Whaley: Department of Chemistry

Nature, 2000, vol. 408, issue 6810, 339-342

Abstract: Abstract Various physical implementations of quantum computers are being investigated, although the requirements1 that must be met to make such devices a reality in the laboratory at present involve capabilities well beyond the state of the art. Recent solid-state approaches have used quantum dots2, donor-atom nuclear spins3 or electron spins4; in these architectures, the basic two-qubit quantum gate is generated by a tunable exchange interaction between spins (a Heisenberg interaction), whereas the one-qubit gates require control over a local magnetic field. Compared to the Heisenberg operation, the one-qubit operations are significantly slower, requiring substantially greater materials and device complexity—potentially contributing to a detrimental increase in the decoherence rate. Here we introduced an explicit scheme in which the Heisenberg interaction alone suffices to implement exactly any quantum computer circuit. This capability comes at a price of a factor of three in additional qubits, and about a factor of ten in additional two-qubit operations. Even at this cost, the ability to eliminate the complexity of one-qubit operations should accelerate progress towards solid-state implementations of quantum computation1.

Date: 2000
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DOI: 10.1038/35042541

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