Bose–Einstein condensation on a microelectronic chip

W. Hänsel, P. Hommelhoff, T. W. Hänsch and J. Reichel
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W. Hänsel: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik and Sektion Physik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
P. Hommelhoff: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik and Sektion Physik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
T. W. Hänsch: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik and Sektion Physik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
J. Reichel: Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik and Sektion Physik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität

Nature, 2001, vol. 413, issue 6855, 498-501

Abstract: Abstract Although Bose–Einstein condensates1,2,3 of ultracold atoms have been experimentally realizable for several years, their formation and manipulation still impose considerable technical challenges. An all-optical technique4 that enables faster production of Bose–Einstein condensates was recently reported. Here we demonstrate that the formation of a condensate can be greatly simplified using a microscopic magnetic trap on a chip5. We achieve Bose–Einstein condensation inside the single vapour cell of a magneto-optical trap in as little as 700 ms—more than a factor of ten faster than typical experiments, and a factor of three faster than the all-optical technique4. A coherent matter wave is emitted normal to the chip surface when the trapped atoms are released into free fall; alternatively, we couple the condensate into an ‘atomic conveyor belt’6, which is used to transport the condensed cloud non-destructively over a macroscopic distance parallel to the chip surface. The possibility of manipulating laser-like coherent matter waves with such an integrated atom-optical system holds promise for applications in interferometry, holography, microscopy, atom lithography and quantum information processing7.

Date: 2001
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DOI: 10.1038/35097032

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