Marine aerosol formation from biogenic iodine emissions

Colin D. O'Dowd (), Jose L. Jimenez, Roya Bahreini, Richard C. Flagan, John H. Seinfeld, Kaarle Hämeri, Liisa Pirjola, Markku Kulmala, S. Gerard Jennings and Thorsten Hoffmann
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Colin D. O'Dowd: National University of Ireland
Jose L. Jimenez: California Institute of Technology
Roya Bahreini: California Institute of Technology
Richard C. Flagan: California Institute of Technology
John H. Seinfeld: California Institute of Technology
Kaarle Hämeri: Finnish Institute for Occupational Health
Liisa Pirjola: University of Helsinki
Markku Kulmala: University of Helsinki
S. Gerard Jennings: National University of Ireland
Thorsten Hoffmann: Institute of Spectrochemistry and Applied Spectroscopy

Nature, 2002, vol. 417, issue 6889, 632-636

Abstract: Abstract The formation of marine aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei—from which marine clouds originate—depends ultimately on the availability of new, nanometre-scale particles in the marine boundary layer. Because marine aerosols and clouds scatter incoming radiation and contribute a cooling effect to the Earth's radiation budget1, new particle production is important in climate regulation. It has been suggested that sulphuric acid—derived from the oxidation of dimethyl sulphide—is responsible for the production of marine aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei. It was accordingly proposed that algae producing dimethyl sulphide play a role in climate regulation2, but this has been difficult to prove and, consequently, the processes controlling marine particle formation remains largely undetermined3,4. Here, using smog chamber experiments under coastal atmospheric conditions, we demonstrate that new particles can form from condensable iodine-containing vapours, which are the photolysis products of biogenic iodocarbons emitted from marine algae. Moreover, we illustrate, using aerosol formation models, that concentrations of condensable iodine-containing vapours over the open ocean are sufficient to influence marine particle formation. We suggest therefore that marine iodocarbon emissions have a potentially significant effect on global radiative forcing.

Date: 2002
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DOI: 10.1038/nature00775

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