Curvature of clathrin-coated pits driven by epsin

Marijn G. J. Ford, Ian G. Mills, Brian J. Peter, Yvonne Vallis, Gerrit J. K. Praefcke, Philip R. Evans () and Harvey T. McMahon ()
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Marijn G. J. Ford: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Ian G. Mills: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Brian J. Peter: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Yvonne Vallis: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Gerrit J. K. Praefcke: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Philip R. Evans: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Harvey T. McMahon: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology

Nature, 2002, vol. 419, issue 6905, 361-366

Abstract: Abstract Clathrin-mediated endocytosis involves cargo selection and membrane budding into vesicles with the aid of a protein coat. Formation of invaginated pits on the plasma membrane and subsequent budding of vesicles is an energetically demanding process that involves the cooperation of clathrin with many different proteins. Here we investigate the role of the brain-enriched protein epsin 1 in this process. Epsin is targeted to areas of endocytosis by binding the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). We show here that epsin 1 directly modifies membrane curvature on binding to PtdIns(4,5)P2 in conjunction with clathrin polymerization. We have discovered that formation of an amphipathic α-helix in epsin is coupled to PtdIns(4,5)P2 binding. Mutation of residues on the hydrophobic region of this helix abolishes the ability to curve membranes. We propose that this helix is inserted into one leaflet of the lipid bilayer, inducing curvature. On lipid monolayers epsin alone is sufficient to facilitate the formation of clathrin-coated invaginations.

Date: 2002
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01020

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