Genome sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum

Malcolm J. Gardner (), Neil Hall, Eula Fung, Owen White, Matthew Berriman, Richard W. Hyman, Jane M. Carlton, Arnab Pain, Karen E. Nelson, Sharen Bowman, Ian T. Paulsen, Keith James, Jonathan A. Eisen, Kim Rutherford, Steven L. Salzberg, Alister Craig, Sue Kyes, Man-Suen Chan, Vishvanath Nene, Shamira J. Shallom, Bernard Suh, Jeremy Peterson, Sam Angiuoli, Mihaela Pertea, Jonathan Allen, Jeremy Selengut, Daniel Haft, Michael W. Mather, Akhil B. Vaidya, David M. A. Martin, Alan H. Fairlamb, Martin J. Fraunholz, David S. Roos, Stuart A. Ralph, Geoffrey I. McFadden, Leda M. Cummings, G. Mani Subramanian, Chris Mungall, J. Craig Venter, Daniel J. Carucci, Stephen L. Hoffman, Chris Newbold, Ronald W. Davis, Claire M. Fraser and Bart Barrell
Additional contact information
Malcolm J. Gardner: The Institute for Genomic Research
Neil Hall: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Eula Fung: Stanford Genome Technology Center
Owen White: The Institute for Genomic Research
Matthew Berriman: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Richard W. Hyman: Stanford Genome Technology Center
Jane M. Carlton: The Institute for Genomic Research
Arnab Pain: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Karen E. Nelson: The Institute for Genomic Research
Sharen Bowman: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Ian T. Paulsen: The Institute for Genomic Research
Keith James: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Jonathan A. Eisen: The Institute for Genomic Research
Kim Rutherford: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Steven L. Salzberg: The Institute for Genomic Research
Alister Craig: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place
Sue Kyes: University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
Man-Suen Chan: University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
Vishvanath Nene: The Institute for Genomic Research
Shamira J. Shallom: The Institute for Genomic Research
Bernard Suh: The Institute for Genomic Research
Jeremy Peterson: The Institute for Genomic Research
Sam Angiuoli: The Institute for Genomic Research
Mihaela Pertea: The Institute for Genomic Research
Jonathan Allen: The Institute for Genomic Research
Jeremy Selengut: The Institute for Genomic Research
Daniel Haft: The Institute for Genomic Research
Michael W. Mather: Drexel University College of Medicine
Akhil B. Vaidya: Drexel University College of Medicine
David M. A. Martin: The University of Dundee
Alan H. Fairlamb: The University of Dundee
Martin J. Fraunholz: University of Pennsylvania
David S. Roos: University of Pennsylvania
Stuart A. Ralph: University of Melbourne
Geoffrey I. McFadden: University of Melbourne
Leda M. Cummings: The Institute for Genomic Research
G. Mani Subramanian: Celera Genomics
Chris Mungall: University of California
J. Craig Venter: The Center for the Advancement of Genomics
Daniel J. Carucci: Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center
Stephen L. Hoffman: Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center
Chris Newbold: University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital
Ronald W. Davis: Stanford Genome Technology Center
Claire M. Fraser: The Institute for Genomic Research
Bart Barrell: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus

Nature, 2002, vol. 419, issue 6906, 498-511

Abstract: Abstract The parasite Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for hundreds of millions of cases of malaria, and kills more than one million African children annually. Here we report an analysis of the genome sequence of P. falciparum clone 3D7. The 23-megabase nuclear genome consists of 14 chromosomes, encodes about 5,300 genes, and is the most (A + T)-rich genome sequenced to date. Genes involved in antigenic variation are concentrated in the subtelomeric regions of the chromosomes. Compared to the genomes of free-living eukaryotic microbes, the genome of this intracellular parasite encodes fewer enzymes and transporters, but a large proportion of genes are devoted to immune evasion and host–parasite interactions. Many nuclear-encoded proteins are targeted to the apicoplast, an organelle involved in fatty-acid and isoprenoid metabolism. The genome sequence provides the foundation for future studies of this organism, and is being exploited in the search for new drugs and vaccines to fight malaria.

Date: 2002
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01097

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