Selection of evolutionarily conserved mucosal-associated invariant T cells by MR1

Emmanuel Treiner, Livine Duban, Seiamak Bahram, Mirjana Radosavljevic, Valerie Wanner, Florence Tilloy, Pierre Affaticati, Susan Gilfillan () and Olivier Lantz ()
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Emmanuel Treiner: Laboratoire d'Immunologie and INSERM U520, Institut Curie
Livine Duban: Laboratoire d'Immunologie and INSERM U520, Institut Curie
Seiamak Bahram: INSERM–CReS, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie
Mirjana Radosavljevic: INSERM–CReS, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie
Valerie Wanner: INSERM–CReS, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie
Florence Tilloy: Laboratoire d'Immunologie and INSERM U520, Institut Curie
Pierre Affaticati: Laboratoire d'Immunologie and INSERM U520, Institut Curie
Susan Gilfillan: Washington University School of Medicine
Olivier Lantz: Laboratoire d'Immunologie and INSERM U520, Institut Curie

Nature, 2003, vol. 422, issue 6928, 164-169

Abstract: Abstract The evolutionary conservation of T lymphocyte subsets bearing T-cell receptors (TCRs) using invariant α-chains is indicative of unique functions. CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NK-T) cells that express an invariant Vα14 TCRα chain have been implicated in microbial and tumour responses, as well as in auto-immunity1,2. Here we show that T cells that express the canonical hVα7.2-Jα33 or mVα19-Jα33 TCR rearrangement3 are preferentially located in the gut lamina propria of humans and mice, respectively, and are therefore genuine mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Selection and/or expansion of this population requires B lymphocytes, as MAIT cells are absent in B-cell-deficient patients and mice. In addition, we show that MAIT cells are selected and/or restricted by MR1, a monomorphic major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecule that is markedly conserved in diverse mammalian species4. MAIT cells are not present in germ-free mice, indicating that commensal flora is required for their expansion in the gut lamina propria. This indicates that MAIT cells are probably involved in the host response at the site of pathogen entry, and may regulate intestinal B-cell activity.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01433

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