Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase regulate plant cell growth

Julia Foreman, Vadim Demidchik, John H. F. Bothwell, Panagiota Mylona, Henk Miedema, Miguel Angel Torres, Paul Linstead, Silvia Costa, Colin Brownlee, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Julia M. Davies and Liam Dolan ()
Additional contact information
Julia Foreman: John Innes Centre
Vadim Demidchik: University of Cambridge
John H. F. Bothwell: Marine Biological Association
Panagiota Mylona: John Innes Centre
Henk Miedema: University of Cambridge
Miguel Angel Torres: Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre
Paul Linstead: John Innes Centre
Silvia Costa: John Innes Centre
Colin Brownlee: Marine Biological Association
Jonathan D. G. Jones: Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre
Julia M. Davies: University of Cambridge
Liam Dolan: John Innes Centre

Nature, 2003, vol. 422, issue 6930, 442-446

Abstract: Abstract Cell expansion is a central process in plant morphogenesis, and the elongation of roots and root hairs is essential for uptake of minerals and water from the soil. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular store is required for (and sets the rates of) cell elongation in roots1. Arabidopsis thaliana rhd2 mutants are defective in Ca2+ uptake and consequently cell expansion is compromised—rhd2 mutants have short root hairs2,3 and stunted roots. To determine the regulation of Ca2+ acquisition in growing root cells we show here that RHD2 is an NADPH oxidase, a protein that transfers electrons from NADPH to an electron acceptor leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We show that ROS accumulate in growing wild-type (WT) root hairs but their levels are markedly decreased in rhd2 mutants. Blocking the activity of the NADPH oxidase with diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibits ROS formation and phenocopies Rhd2-. Treatment of rhd2 roots with ROS partly suppresses the mutant phenotype and stimulates the activity of plasma membrane hyperpolarization-activated Ca2+ channels, the predominant root Ca2+ acquisition system. This indicates that NADPH oxidases control development by making ROS that regulate plant cell expansion through the activation of Ca2+ channels.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01485

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