Adaptation of photoperiodic control pathways produces short-day flowering in rice

Ryosuke Hayama, Shuji Yokoi, Shojiro Tamaki, Masahiro Yano and Ko Shimamoto ()
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Ryosuke Hayama: Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Shuji Yokoi: Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Shojiro Tamaki: Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Masahiro Yano: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
Ko Shimamoto: Nara Institute of Science and Technology

Nature, 2003, vol. 422, issue 6933, 719-722

Abstract: Abstract The photoperiodic control of flowering is one of the important developmental processes of plants because it is directly related to successful reproduction1. Although the molecular genetic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana, a long-day (LD) plant, has provided models to explain the control of flowering time in this species2,3,4, very little is known about its molecular mechanisms for short-day (SD) plants. Here we show how the photoperiodic control of flowering is regulated in rice, a SD plant. Overexpression of OsGI5, an orthologue of the Arabidopsis GIGANTEA (GI) gene6,7 in transgenic rice, caused late flowering under both SD and LD conditions. Expression of the rice orthologue8 of the Arabidopsis CONSTANS (CO) gene9 was increased in the transgenic rice, whereas expression of the rice orthologue10 of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)11,12 was suppressed. Our results indicate that three key regulatory genes for the photoperiodic control of flowering are conserved between Arabidopsis, a LD plant, and rice, a SD plant, but regulation of the FT gene by CO was reversed, resulting in the suppression of flowering in rice under LD conditions.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01549

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