Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fibre

Charlene M. Smith, Natesan Venkataraman, Michael T. Gallagher, Dirk Müller, James A. West, Nicholas F. Borrelli, Douglas C. Allan and Karl W. Koch ()
Additional contact information
Charlene M. Smith: Corning Incorporated
Natesan Venkataraman: Corning Incorporated
Michael T. Gallagher: Corning Incorporated
Dirk Müller: Corning Incorporated
James A. West: Corning Incorporated
Nicholas F. Borrelli: Corning Incorporated
Douglas C. Allan: Corning Incorporated
Karl W. Koch: Corning Incorporated

Nature, 2003, vol. 424, issue 6949, 657-659

Abstract: Abstract Photonic bandgap structures use the principle of interference to reflect radiation. Reflection from photonic bandgap structures has been demonstrated in one, two and three dimensions and various applications have been proposed1,2,3,4. Early work in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre technology5 used a hexagonal structure surrounding the air core; this fibre was the first demonstration of light guided inside an air core of a photonic bandgap fibre. The potential benefits of guiding light in air derive from lower Rayleigh scattering, lower nonlinearity and lower transmission loss compared to conventional waveguides. In addition, these fibres offer a new platform for studying nonlinear optics in gases6. Owing largely to challenges in fabrication, the early air-core fibres were only available in short lengths, and so systematic studies of loss were not possible. More recently, longer lengths of fibre have become available7,8 with reported losses of 1,000 dB km-1. We report here the fabrication and characterization of long lengths of low attenuation photonic bandgap fibre. Attenuation of less than 30 dB km-1 over a wide transmission window is observed with minimum loss of 13 dB km-1 at 1,500 nm, measured on 100 m of fibre. Coupling between surface and core modes of the structure is identified as an important contributor to transmission loss in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibres.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01849

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