An Arctic mammal fauna from the Early Pliocene of North America

Richard H. Tedford () and C. Richard Harington
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Richard H. Tedford: American Museum of Natural History
C. Richard Harington: Canadian Museum of Nature (Paleobiology)

Nature, 2003, vol. 425, issue 6956, 388-390

Abstract: Abstract A peat deposit on Ellesmere Island1, Nunavut, Canada, allows a unique glimpse of the Early Pliocene terrestrial biota north of the Arctic Circle. The peat accumulated in a beaver pond surrounded by boreal larch forest near regional tree line2 in coastal hills close to the Arctic Ocean. The ecological affinities of the plant and beetle remains3 contained in the peat indicate that winter temperatures on Ellesmere Island were nearly 15 °C higher and summer temperatures 10 °C higher than they are today. Here we show that the mammalian remains buried in the peat represent mainly taxa of Eurasiatic zoogeographic and phyletic affinities, including the first North American occurrence of a meline badger (Arctomeles). This deposit contains direct evidence of the composition of an Early Pliocene (4–5 million years ago) arctic mammalian fauna during an active period of interchange between Asia and North America.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature01892

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