An ABC transporter with a secondary-active multidrug translocator domain
Henrietta Venter,
Richard A. Shilling,
Saroj Velamakanni,
Lekshmy Balakrishnan and
Hendrik W. van Veen ()
Additional contact information
Henrietta Venter: University of Cambridge
Richard A. Shilling: University of Cambridge
Saroj Velamakanni: University of Cambridge
Lekshmy Balakrishnan: University of Cambridge
Hendrik W. van Veen: University of Cambridge
Nature, 2003, vol. 426, issue 6968, 866-870
Abstract:
Abstract Multidrug resistance, by which cells become resistant to multiple unrelated pharmaceuticals, is due to the extrusion of drugs from the cell's interior by active transporters such as the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein1. Two major classes of transporters mediate this extrusion2,3. Primary-active transporters are dependent on ATP hydrolysis, whereas secondary-active transporters are driven by electrochemical ion gradients that exist across the plasma membrane. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter LmrA4 is a primary drug transporter in Lactococcus lactis that can functionally substitute for P-glycoprotein in lung fibroblast cells5. Here we have engineered a truncated LmrA protein that lacks the ATP-binding domain. Surprisingly, this truncated protein mediates a proton–ethidium symport reaction without the requirement for ATP. In other words, it functions as a secondary-active multidrug uptake system. These findings suggest that the evolutionary precursor of LmrA was a secondary-active substrate translocator that acquired an ATP-binding domain to enable primary-active multidrug efflux in L. lactis.
Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1038/nature02173
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