A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice

Zhi-yong Yang, Wing-pui Kong, Yue Huang, Anjeanette Roberts, Brian R. Murphy, Kanta Subbarao and Gary J. Nabel ()
Additional contact information
Zhi-yong Yang: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Wing-pui Kong: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Yue Huang: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Anjeanette Roberts: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Brian R. Murphy: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Kanta Subbarao: NIAID, National Institutes of Health
Gary J. Nabel: NIAID, National Institutes of Health

Nature, 2004, vol. 428, issue 6982, 561-564

Abstract: Abstract Public health measures have successfully identified and contained outbreaks of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV)1,2,3,4,5, but concerns remain over the possibility of future recurrences. Finding a vaccine for this virus therefore remains a high priority. Here, we show that a DNA vaccine encoding the spike (S) glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV induces T cell and neutralizing antibody responses, as well as protective immunity, in a mouse model. Alternative forms of S were analysed by DNA immunization. These expression vectors induced robust immune responses mediated by CD4 and CD8 cells, as well as significant antibody titres, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, antibody responses in mice vaccinated with an expression vector encoding a form of S that includes its transmembrane domain elicited neutralizing antibodies. Viral replication was reduced by more than six orders of magnitude in the lungs of mice vaccinated with these S plasmid DNA expression vectors, and protection was mediated by a humoral but not a T-cell-dependent immune mechanism. Gene-based vaccination for the SARS-CoV elicits effective immune responses that generate protective immunity in an animal model.

Date: 2004
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DOI: 10.1038/nature02463

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