DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9

Humphray, S. J.; Oliver, K.; Hunt, A. R.; Plumb, R. W.; Loveland, J. E.; Howe, K. L.; Andrews, T. D.; Searle, S.; Hunt, S. E.; Scott, C. E.; Jones, M. C.; Ainscough, R.; Almeida, J. P.; Ambrose, K. D.; Ashwell, R. I. S.; Babbage, A. K.; Babbage, S.; Bagguley, C. L.; Bailey, J.; Banerjee, R.; Barker, D. J.; Barlow, K. F.; Bates, K.; Beasley, H.; Beasley, O.; Bird, C. P.; Bray-Allen, S.; Brown, A. J.; Brown, J. Y.; Burford, D.; Burrill, W.; Burton, J.; Carder, C.; Carter, N. P.; Chapman, J. C.; Chen, Y.; Clarke, G.; Clark, S. Y.; Clee, C. M.; Clegg, S.; Collier, R. E.; Corby, N.; Crosier, M.; Cummings, A. T.; Davies, J.; Dhami, P.; Dunn, M.; Dutta, I.; Dyer, L. W.; Earthrowl, M. E.; Faulkner, L.; Fleming, C. J.; Frankish, A.; Frankland, J. A.; French, L.; Fricker, D. G.; Garner, P.; Garnett, J.; Ghori, J.; Gilbert, J. G. R.; Glison, C.; Grafham, D. V.; Gribble, S.; Griffiths, C.; Griffiths-Jones, S.; Grocock, R.; Guy, J.; Hall, R. E.; Hammond, S.; Harley, J. L.; Harrison, E. S. I.; Hart, E. A.; Heath, P. D.; Henderson, C. D.; Hopkins, B. L.; Howard, P. J.; Howden, P. J.; Huckle, E.; Johnson, C.; Johnson, D.; Joy, A. A.; Kay, M.; Keenan, S.; Kershaw, J. K.; Kimberley, A. M.; King, A.; Knights, A.; Laird, G. K.; Langford, C.; Lawlor, S.; Leongamornlert, D. A.; Leversha, M.; Lloyd, C.; Lloyd, D. M.; Lovell, J.; Martin, S.; Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M.; Matthews, L.; McLaren, S.; McLay, K. E.; McMurray, A.; Milne, S.; Nickerson, T.; Nisbett, J.; Nordsiek, G.; Pearce, A. V.; Peck, A. I.; Porter, K. M.; Pandian, R.; Pelan, S.; Phillimore, B.; Povey, S.; Ramsey, Y.; Rand, V.; Scharfe, M.; Sehra, H. K.; Shownkeen, R.; Sims, S. K.; Skuce, C. D.; Smith, M.; Steward, C. A.; Swarbreck, D.; Sycamore, N.; Tester, J.; Thorpe, A.; Tracey, A.; Tromans, A.; Thomas, D. W.; Wall, M.; Wallis, J. M.; West, A. P.; Whitehead, S. L.; Willey, D. L.; Williams, S. A.; Wilming, L.; Wray, P. W.; Young, L.; Ashurst, J. L.; Coulson, A.; Blöcker, H.; Durbin, R.; Sulston, J. E.; Hubbard, T.; Jackson, M. J.; Bentley, D. R.; Beck, S.; Rogers, J.; Dunham, I.

DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9

S. J. Humphray (), K. Oliver, A. R. Hunt, R. W. Plumb, J. E. Loveland, K. L. Howe, T. D. Andrews, S. Searle, S. E. Hunt, C. E. Scott, M. C. Jones, R. Ainscough, J. P. Almeida, K. D. Ambrose, R. I. S. Ashwell, A. K. Babbage, S. Babbage, C. L. Bagguley, J. Bailey, R. Banerjee, D. J. Barker, K. F. Barlow, K. Bates, H. Beasley, O. Beasley, C. P. Bird, S. Bray-Allen, A. J. Brown, J. Y. Brown, D. Burford, W. Burrill, J. Burton, C. Carder, N. P. Carter, J. C. Chapman, Y. Chen, G. Clarke, S. Y. Clark, C. M. Clee, S. Clegg, R. E. Collier, N. Corby, M. Crosier, A. T. Cummings, J. Davies, P. Dhami, M. Dunn, I. Dutta, L. W. Dyer, M. E. Earthrowl, L. Faulkner, C. J. Fleming, A. Frankish, J. A. Frankland, L. French, D. G. Fricker, P. Garner, J. Garnett, J. Ghori, J. G. R. Gilbert, C. Glison, D. V. Grafham, S. Gribble, C. Griffiths, S. Griffiths-Jones, R. Grocock, J. Guy, R. E. Hall, S. Hammond, J. L. Harley, E. S. I. Harrison, E. A. Hart, P. D. Heath, C. D. Henderson, B. L. Hopkins, P. J. Howard, P. J. Howden, E. Huckle, C. Johnson, D. Johnson, A. A. Joy, M. Kay, S. Keenan, J. K. Kershaw, A. M. Kimberley, A. King, A. Knights, G. K. Laird, C. Langford, S. Lawlor, D. A. Leongamornlert, M. Leversha, C. Lloyd, D. M. Lloyd, J. Lovell, S. Martin, M. Mashreghi-Mohammadi, L. Matthews, S. McLaren, K. E. McLay, A. McMurray, S. Milne, T. Nickerson, J. Nisbett, G. Nordsiek, A. V. Pearce, A. I. Peck, K. M. Porter, R. Pandian, S. Pelan, B. Phillimore, S. Povey, Y. Ramsey, V. Rand, M. Scharfe, H. K. Sehra, R. Shownkeen, S. K. Sims, C. D. Skuce, M. Smith, C. A. Steward, D. Swarbreck, N. Sycamore, J. Tester, A. Thorpe, A. Tracey, A. Tromans, D. W. Thomas, M. Wall, J. M. Wallis, A. P. West, S. L. Whitehead, D. L. Willey, S. A. Williams, L. Wilming, P. W. Wray, L. Young, J. L. Ashurst, A. Coulson, H. Blöcker, R. Durbin, J. E. Sulston, T. Hubbard, M. J. Jackson, D. R. Bentley, S. Beck, J. Rogers and I. Dunham
Additional contact information
S. J. Humphray: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. Oliver: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. R. Hunt: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. W. Plumb: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. E. Loveland: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. L. Howe: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
T. D. Andrews: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Searle: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. E. Hunt: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. E. Scott: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. C. Jones: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. Ainscough: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. P. Almeida: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. D. Ambrose: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. I. S. Ashwell: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. K. Babbage: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Babbage: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. L. Bagguley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Bailey: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. Banerjee: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. J. Barker: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. F. Barlow: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. Bates: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
H. Beasley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
O. Beasley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. P. Bird: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Bray-Allen: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. J. Brown: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Y. Brown: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. Burford: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
W. Burrill: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Burton: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Carder: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
N. P. Carter: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. C. Chapman: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Y. Chen: European Bioinformatics Institute
G. Clarke: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Y. Clark: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. M. Clee: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Clegg: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. E. Collier: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
N. Corby: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Crosier: University of Newcastle upon Tyne
A. T. Cummings: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Davies: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. Dhami: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Dunn: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
I. Dutta: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. W. Dyer: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. E. Earthrowl: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. Faulkner: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. J. Fleming: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Frankish: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. A. Frankland: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. French: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. G. Fricker: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. Garner: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Garnett: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Ghori: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. G. R. Gilbert: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Glison: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. V. Grafham: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Gribble: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Griffiths: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Griffiths-Jones: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. Grocock: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Guy: University of Newcastle upon Tyne
R. E. Hall: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Hammond: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. L. Harley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
E. S. I. Harrison: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
E. A. Hart: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. D. Heath: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. D. Henderson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
B. L. Hopkins: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. J. Howard: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. J. Howden: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
E. Huckle: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Johnson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. Johnson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. A. Joy: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Kay: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Keenan: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. K. Kershaw: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. M. Kimberley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. King: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Knights: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
G. K. Laird: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Langford: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Lawlor: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. A. Leongamornlert: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Leversha: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. Lloyd: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. M. Lloyd: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Lovell: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Martin: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Mashreghi-Mohammadi: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. Matthews: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. McLaren: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. E. McLay: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. McMurray: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Milne: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
T. Nickerson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Nisbett: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
G. Nordsiek: German Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF)
A. V. Pearce: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. I. Peck: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
K. M. Porter: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. Pandian: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Pelan: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
B. Phillimore: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Povey: University College London
Y. Ramsey: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
V. Rand: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Scharfe: German Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF)
H. K. Sehra: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
R. Shownkeen: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. K. Sims: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. D. Skuce: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Smith: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
C. A. Steward: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. Swarbreck: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
N. Sycamore: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Tester: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Thorpe: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Tracey: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Tromans: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. W. Thomas: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. Wall: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. M. Wallis: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. P. West: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. L. Whitehead: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
D. L. Willey: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. A. Williams: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. Wilming: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
P. W. Wray: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
L. Young: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. L. Ashurst: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
A. Coulson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
H. Blöcker: German Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF)
R. Durbin: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. E. Sulston: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
T. Hubbard: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
M. J. Jackson: University of Newcastle upon Tyne
D. R. Bentley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
S. Beck: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
J. Rogers: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
I. Dunham: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute

Nature, 2004, vol. 429, issue 6990, 369-374

Abstract: Abstract Chromosome 9 is highly structurally polymorphic. It contains the largest autosomal block of heterochromatin, which is heteromorphic in 6–8% of humans, whereas pericentric inversions occur in more than 1% of the population. The finished euchromatic sequence of chromosome 9 comprises 109,044,351 base pairs and represents >99.6% of the region. Analysis of the sequence reveals many intra- and interchromosomal duplications, including segmental duplications adjacent to both the centromere and the large heterochromatic block. We have annotated 1,149 genes, including genes implicated in male-to-female sex reversal, cancer and neurodegenerative disease, and 426 pseudogenes. The chromosome contains the largest interferon gene cluster in the human genome. There is also a region of exceptionally high gene and G + C content including genes paralogous to those in the major histocompatibility complex. We have also detected recently duplicated genes that exhibit different rates of sequence divergence, presumably reflecting natural selection.

Date: 2004
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02465 Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:nature:v:429:y:2004:i:6990:d:10.1038_nature02465

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

Access Statistics for this article

Nature is currently edited by Magdalena Skipper

More articles in Nature from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().