Transcription of mammalian messenger RNAs by a nuclear RNA polymerase of mitochondrial origin

Julia E. Kravchenko, Igor B. Rogozin, Eugene V. Koonin and Peter M. Chumakov ()
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Julia E. Kravchenko: The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Igor B. Rogozin: National Institutes of Health
Eugene V. Koonin: National Institutes of Health
Peter M. Chumakov: The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Nature, 2005, vol. 436, issue 7051, 735-739

Abstract: Abstract Transcription of eukaryotic genes is performed by three nuclear RNA polymerases, of which RNA polymerase II is thought to be solely responsible for the synthesis of messenger RNAs1. Here we show that transcription of some mRNAs in humans and rodents is mediated by a previously unknown single-polypeptide nuclear RNA polymerase (spRNAP-IV). spRNAP-IV is expressed from an alternative transcript of the mitochondrial RNA polymerase gene (POLRMT). The spRNAP-IV lacks 262 amino-terminal amino acids of mitochondrial RNA polymerase, including the mitochondrial-targeting signal, and localizes to the nucleus. Transcription by spRNAP-IV is resistant to the RNA polymease II inhibitor α-amanitin but is sensitive to short interfering RNA specific for the POLRMT gene. The promoters for spRNAP-IV differ substantially from those used by RNA polymerase II, do not respond to transcriptional enhancers and contain a common functional sequence motif.

Date: 2005
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DOI: 10.1038/nature03848

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