Insulin auto-antigenicity in type 1 diabetes

Darcy B. Wilson ()
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Darcy B. Wilson: Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies

Nature, 2005, vol. 438, issue 7067, E5-E5

Abstract: Abstract Arising from: M. Nakayama et al. Nature 435, 220–223 (2005) and S. C. Kent et al. Nature 435, 224–228 (2005); D. A. Hafler et al. reply Spontaneous type 1 diabetes occurs when the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-islet cells prevents production of the hormone insulin. This causes an inability to regulate glucose metabolism, which results in dangerously raised blood glucose concentrations. It is generally accepted that thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) are critically involved in the onset and progression of type 1 diabetes, but the antigens that initiate and drive this destructive process remain poorly characterized — although several candidates have been considered1. Nakayama et al.2 and Kent et al.3 claim that insulin itself is the primary autoantigen that initiates spontaneous type 1 diabetes in mice and humans, respectively, a result that could have implications for more effective prevention and therapy. However, I believe that this proposed immunological role of insulin may be undermined by the atypical responses of T cells to the human insulin fragment that are described by Kent et al.3.

Date: 2005
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DOI: 10.1038/nature04423

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