Molecular characterization of Ph1 as a major chromosome pairing locus in polyploid wheat

Simon Griffiths, Rebecca Sharp, Tracie N. Foote, Isabelle Bertin, Michael Wanous, Steve Reader, Isabelle Colas and Graham Moore ()
Additional contact information
Simon Griffiths: John Innes Centre
Rebecca Sharp: John Innes Centre
Tracie N. Foote: John Innes Centre
Isabelle Bertin: John Innes Centre
Michael Wanous: Augustana College
Steve Reader: John Innes Centre
Isabelle Colas: John Innes Centre
Graham Moore: John Innes Centre

Nature, 2006, vol. 439, issue 7077, 749-752

Abstract: Abstract The foundation of western civilization owes much to the high fertility of bread wheat, which results from the stability of its polyploid genome. Despite possessing multiple sets of related chromosomes, hexaploid (bread) and tetraploid (pasta) wheat both behave as diploids at meiosis. Correct pairing of homologous chromosomes is controlled by the Ph1 locus1. In wheat hybrids, Ph1 prevents pairing between related chromosomes2. Lack of Ph1 activity in diploid relatives of wheat suggests that Ph1 arose on polyploidization3. Absence of phenotypic variation, apart from dosage effects, and the failure of ethylmethane sulphonate treatment to yield mutants, indicates that Ph1 has a complex structure4,5. Here we have localized Ph1 to a 2.5-megabase interstitial region of wheat chromosome 5B containing a structure consisting of a segment of subtelomeric heterochromatin that inserted into a cluster of cdc2-related genes after polyploidization. The correlation of the presence of this structure with Ph1 activity in related species, and the involvement of heterochromatin with Ph1 (ref. 6) and cdc2 genes with meiosis, makes the structure a good candidate for the Ph1 locus.

Date: 2006
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DOI: 10.1038/nature04434

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