The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1

Gregory, S. G.; Barlow, K. F.; McLay, K. E.; Kaul, R.; Swarbreck, D.; Dunham, A.; Scott, C. E.; Howe, K. L.; Woodfine, K.; Spencer, C. C. A.; Jones, M. C.; Gillson, C.; Searle, S.; Zhou, Y.; Kokocinski, F.; McDonald, L.; Evans, R.; Phillips, K.; Atkinson, A.; Cooper, R.; Jones, C.; Hall, R. E.; Andrews, T. D.; Lloyd, C.; Ainscough, R.; Almeida, J. P.; Ambrose, K. D.; Anderson, F.; Andrew, R. W.; Ashwell, R. I. S.; Aubin, K.; Babbage, A. K.; Bagguley, C. L.; Bailey, J.; Beasley, H.; Bethel, G.; Bird, C. P.; Bray-Allen, S.; Brown, J. Y.; Brown, A. J.; Buckley, D.; Burton, J.; Bye, J.; Carder, C.; Chapman, J. C.; Clark, S. Y.; Clarke, G.; Clee, C.; Cobley, V.; Collier, R. E.; Corby, N.; Coville, G. J.; Davies, J.; Deadman, R.; Dunn, M.; Earthrowl, M.; Ellington, A. G.; Errington, H.; Frankish, A.; Frankland, J.; French, L.; Garner, P.; Garnett, J.; Gay, L.; Ghori, M. R. J.; Gibson, R.; Gilby, L. M.; Gillett, W.; Glithero, R. J.; Grafham, D. V.; Griffiths, C.; Griffiths-Jones, S.; Grocock, R.; Hammond, S.; Harrison, E. S. I.; Hart, E.; Haugen, E.; Heath, P. D.; Holmes, S.; Holt, K.; Howden, P. J.; Hunt, A. R.; Hunt, S. E.; Hunter, G.; Isherwood, J.; James, R.; Johnson, C.; Johnson, D.; Joy, A.; Kay, M.; Kershaw, J. K.; Kibukawa, M.; Kimberley, A. M.; King, A.; Knights, A. J.; Lad, H.; Laird, G.; Lawlor, S.; Leongamornlert, D. A.; Lloyd, D. M.; Loveland, J.; Lovell, J.; Lush, M. J.; Lyne, R.; Martin, S.; Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M.; Matthews, L.; Matthews, N. S. W.; McLaren, S.; Milne, S.; Mistry, S.; Oore, M. J. F. M; Nickerson, T.; O'Dell, C. N.; Oliver, K.; Palmeiri, A.; Palmer, S. A.; Parker, A.; Patel, D.; Pearce, A. V.; Peck, A. I.; Pelan, S.; Phelps, K.; Phillimore, B. J.; Plumb, R.; Rajan, J.; Raymond, C.; Rouse, G.; Saenphimmachak, C.; Sehra, H. K.; Sheridan, E.; Shownkeen, R.; Sims, S.; Skuce, C. D.; Smith, M.; Steward, C.; Subramanian, S.; Sycamore, N.; Tracey, A.; Tromans, A.; Van Helmond, Z.; Wall, M.; Wallis, J. M.; White, S.; Whitehead, S. L.; Wilkinson, J. E.; Willey, D. L.; Williams, H.; Wilming, L.; Wray, P. W.; Wu, Z.; Coulson, A.; Vaudin, M.; Sulston, J. E.; Durbin, R.; Hubbard, T.; Wooster, R.; Dunham, I.; Carter, N. P.; McVean, G.; Ross, M. T.; Harrow, J.; Olson, M. V.; Beck, S.; Rogers, J.; Bentley, D. R.

The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1

S. G. Gregory (), K. F. Barlow, K. E. McLay, R. Kaul, D. Swarbreck, A. Dunham, C. E. Scott, K. L. Howe, K. Woodfine, C. C. A. Spencer, M. C. Jones, C. Gillson, S. Searle, Y. Zhou, F. Kokocinski, L. McDonald, R. Evans, K. Phillips, A. Atkinson, R. Cooper, C. Jones, R. E. Hall, T. D. Andrews, C. Lloyd, R. Ainscough, J. P. Almeida, K. D. Ambrose, F. Anderson, R. W. Andrew, R. I. S. Ashwell, K. Aubin, A. K. Babbage, C. L. Bagguley, J. Bailey, H. Beasley, G. Bethel, C. P. Bird, S. Bray-Allen, J. Y. Brown, A. J. Brown, D. Buckley, J. Burton, J. Bye, C. Carder, J. C. Chapman, S. Y. Clark, G. Clarke, C. Clee, V. Cobley, R. E. Collier, N. Corby, G. J. Coville, J. Davies, R. Deadman, M. Dunn, M. Earthrowl, A. G. Ellington, H. Errington, A. Frankish, J. Frankland, L. French, P. Garner, J. Garnett, L. Gay, M. R. J. Ghori, R. Gibson, L. M. Gilby, W. Gillett, R. J. Glithero, D. V. Grafham, C. Griffiths, S. Griffiths-Jones, R. Grocock, S. Hammond, E. S. I. Harrison, E. Hart, E. Haugen, P. D. Heath, S. Holmes, K. Holt, P. J. Howden, A. R. Hunt, S. E. Hunt, G. Hunter, J. Isherwood, R. James, C. Johnson, D. Johnson, A. Joy, M. Kay, J. K. Kershaw, M. Kibukawa, A. M. Kimberley, A. King, A. J. Knights, H. Lad, G. Laird, S. Lawlor, D. A. Leongamornlert, D. M. Lloyd, J. Loveland, J. Lovell, M. J. Lush, R. Lyne, S. Martin, M. Mashreghi-Mohammadi, L. Matthews, N. S. W. Matthews, S. McLaren, S. Milne, S. Mistry, M. J. F. M Oore, T. Nickerson, C. N. O'Dell, K. Oliver, A. Palmeiri, S. A. Palmer, A. Parker, D. Patel, A. V. Pearce, A. I. Peck, S. Pelan, K. Phelps, B. J. Phillimore, R. Plumb, J. Rajan, C. Raymond, G. Rouse, C. Saenphimmachak, H. K. Sehra, E. Sheridan, R. Shownkeen, S. Sims, C. D. Skuce, M. Smith, C. Steward, S. Subramanian, N. Sycamore, A. Tracey, A. Tromans, Z. Van Helmond, M. Wall, J. M. Wallis, S. White, S. L. Whitehead, J. E. Wilkinson, D. L. Willey, H. Williams, L. Wilming, P. W. Wray, Z. Wu, A. Coulson, M. Vaudin, J. E. Sulston, R. Durbin, T. Hubbard, R. Wooster, I. Dunham, N. P. Carter, G. McVean, M. T. Ross, J. Harrow, M. V. Olson, S. Beck, J. Rogers and D. R. Bentley
Additional contact information
S. G. Gregory: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
K. F. Barlow: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
K. E. McLay: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
R. Kaul: University of Washington School of Medicine
D. Swarbreck: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
A. Dunham: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
C. E. Scott: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
K. L. Howe: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
K. Woodfine: King's College London
C. C. A. Spencer: University of Oxford
M. C. Jones: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
C. Gillson: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
S. Searle: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Y. Zhou: University of Washington School of Medicine
F. Kokocinski: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
L. McDonald: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
R. Evans: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
K. Phillips: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
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R. Cooper: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
C. Jones: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
R. E. Hall: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
T. D. Andrews: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
C. Lloyd: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
R. Ainscough: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
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E. Hart: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
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G. Rouse: University of Washington School of Medicine
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M. Smith: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
C. Steward: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
S. Subramanian: University of Washington School of Medicine
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L. Wilming: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
P. W. Wray: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Z. Wu: University of Washington School of Medicine
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N. P. Carter: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
G. McVean: King's College London
M. T. Ross: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
J. Harrow: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
M. V. Olson: University of Washington School of Medicine
S. Beck: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
J. Rogers: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
D. R. Bentley: The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus

Nature, 2006, vol. 441, issue 7091, 315-321

Abstract: Abstract The reference sequence for each human chromosome provides the framework for understanding genome function, variation and evolution. Here we report the finished sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Chromosome 1 is gene-dense, with 3,141 genes and 991 pseudogenes, and many coding sequences overlap. Rearrangements and mutations of chromosome 1 are prevalent in cancer and many other diseases. Patterns of sequence variation reveal signals of recent selection in specific genes that may contribute to human fitness, and also in regions where no function is evident. Fine-scale recombination occurs in hotspots of varying intensity along the sequence, and is enriched near genes. These and other studies of human biology and disease encoded within chromosome 1 are made possible with the highly accurate annotated sequence, as part of the completed set of chromosome sequences that comprise the reference human genome.

Date: 2006
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DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

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