Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean

Henk Brinkhuis (), Stefan Schouten, Margaret E. Collinson, Appy Sluijs, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, Gerald R. Dickens, Matthew Huber, Thomas M. Cronin, Jonaotaro Onodera, Kozo Takahashi, Jonathan P. Bujak, Ruediger Stein, Johan van der Burgh, James S. Eldrett, Ian C. Harding, André F. Lotter, Francesca Sangiorgi, Han van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Jan W. de Leeuw, Jens Matthiessen, Jan Backman and Kathryn Moran
Additional contact information
Henk Brinkhuis: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Stefan Schouten: Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ)
Margaret E. Collinson: Royal Holloway University of London
Appy Sluijs: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté: Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ)
Gerald R. Dickens: Rice University
Matthew Huber: Purdue University
Thomas M. Cronin: USGS National Center
Jonaotaro Onodera: Kyushu University
Kozo Takahashi: Kyushu University
Jonathan P. Bujak: Bujak Research International
Ruediger Stein: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Johan van der Burgh: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
James S. Eldrett: Shell UK Exploration and Production
Ian C. Harding: School of Ocean & Earth Science, Southampton Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton
André F. Lotter: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Francesca Sangiorgi: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Han van Konijnenburg-van Cittert: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Jan W. de Leeuw: Palaeoecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University
Jens Matthiessen: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Jan Backman: Stockholm University
Kathryn Moran: University of Rhode Island

Nature, 2006, vol. 441, issue 7093, 606-609

Abstract: The Cenozoic Arctic Ocean Little was known about the environmental history of the Arctic Ocean before the 2004 ACEX ocean drilling expedition. Now a 430-metre sea floor sediment core has been recovered and its analysis, reported this week, provides a 56-million-year climate record spanning the transition from a warm ‘greenhouse’ to a colder ‘icehouse’ world. Several key events are identified during the Cenozoic: surface waters during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum (55 million years ago) were much warmer than previous estimates; surface-water freshening confirms an intensified hydrological cycle about 49 million years ago; and the first ice-rafted debris occurred 45 million years ago, 35 million years earlier than was thought. The revised timings for the earliest Arctic cooling events coincide with those for Antarctica, supporting suggestions that global climate changed symmetrically about the poles.

Date: 2006
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DOI: 10.1038/nature04692

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