Corneal avascularity is due to soluble VEGF receptor-1

Balamurali K. Ambati, Miho Nozaki, Nirbhai Singh, Atsunobu Takeda, Pooja D. Jani, Tushar Suthar, Romulo J. C. Albuquerque, Elizabeth Richter, Eiji Sakurai, Michael T. Newcomb, Mark E. Kleinman, Ruth B. Caldwell, Qing Lin, Yuichiro Ogura, Angela Orecchia, Don A. Samuelson, Dalen W. Agnew, Judy St. Leger, W. Richard Green, Parameshwar J. Mahasreshti, David T. Curiel, Donna Kwan, Helene Marsh, Sakae Ikeda, Lucy J. Leiper, J. Martin Collinson, Sasha Bogdanovich, Tejvir S. Khurana, Masabumi Shibuya, Megan E. Baldwin, Napoleone Ferrara, Hans-Peter Gerber, Sandro De Falco, Jassir Witta, Judit Z. Baffi, Brian J. Raisler and Jayakrishna Ambati ()
Additional contact information
Balamurali K. Ambati: Departments of Ophthalmology and
Miho Nozaki: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Nirbhai Singh: Departments of Ophthalmology and
Atsunobu Takeda: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Pooja D. Jani: Departments of Ophthalmology and
Tushar Suthar: Departments of Ophthalmology and
Romulo J. C. Albuquerque: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Elizabeth Richter: Departments of Ophthalmology and
Eiji Sakurai: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Michael T. Newcomb: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Mark E. Kleinman: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Ruth B. Caldwell: Cell Biology, Medical College of Georgia & Augusta Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Qing Lin: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Yuichiro Ogura: Nagoya City University Medical School
Angela Orecchia: Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS
Don A. Samuelson: College of Veterinary Medicine
Dalen W. Agnew: University of California
Judy St. Leger: Department of Pathology, Sea World
W. Richard Green: Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Parameshwar J. Mahasreshti: University of Alabama at Birmingham
David T. Curiel: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Donna Kwan: James Cook University
Helene Marsh: James Cook University
Sakae Ikeda: University of Wisconsin
Lucy J. Leiper: University of Aberdeen
J. Martin Collinson: University of Aberdeen
Sasha Bogdanovich: University of Pennsylvania
Tejvir S. Khurana: University of Pennsylvania
Masabumi Shibuya: University of Tokyo
Megan E. Baldwin: Genentech Inc.
Napoleone Ferrara: Genentech Inc.
Hans-Peter Gerber: Genentech Inc.
Sandro De Falco: Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Jassir Witta: Internal Medicine and
Judit Z. Baffi: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Brian J. Raisler: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Jayakrishna Ambati: Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences

Nature, 2006, vol. 443, issue 7114, 993-997

Abstract: Bloodless evolution The cornea is one of the few tissues in the body with no blood vessels flowing through it. This blood-vessel-free island is often used to test anti-angiogenic therapies for cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, diabetes and other diseases driven by pathological angiogenesis. This lack of blood vessels is remarkable because of the highly vascular nature of the surrounding tissues; doubly remarkable because the cornea has now been found to contain large amounts of the potent angiogenic molecule VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor). This discovery has led to a finding that could be important in terms of drug design: a VEGF-A trap known as soluble VEGFR-1 is also present in the cornea and is singly responsible for the absence of blood vessels there. Intriguingly, the few known organisms that have a vascularized cornea (manatees, mutant mice, and some aniridia patients with Pax6 mutations) are all deficient in corneal soluble VEGFR-1.

Date: 2006
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DOI: 10.1038/nature05249

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