An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

Peter J. Turnbaugh, Ruth E. Ley, Michael A. Mahowald, Vincent Magrini, Elaine R. Mardis and Jeffrey I. Gordon ()
Additional contact information
Peter J. Turnbaugh: Center for Genome Sciences
Ruth E. Ley: Center for Genome Sciences
Michael A. Mahowald: Center for Genome Sciences
Vincent Magrini: Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University
Elaine R. Mardis: Center for Genome Sciences
Jeffrey I. Gordon: Center for Genome Sciences

Nature, 2006, vol. 444, issue 7122, 1027-1031

Abstract: Abstract The worldwide obesity epidemic is stimulating efforts to identify host and environmental factors that affect energy balance. Comparisons of the distal gut microbiota of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates, as well as those of obese and lean human volunteers have revealed that obesity is associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. Here we demonstrate through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that these changes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota. Our results indicate that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet. Furthermore, this trait is transmissible: colonization of germ-free mice with an ‘obese microbiota’ results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a ‘lean microbiota’. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity.

Date: 2006
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DOI: 10.1038/nature05414

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