Generation of Fock states in a superconducting quantum circuit

Max Hofheinz, E. M. Weig, M. Ansmann, Radoslaw C. Bialczak, Erik Lucero, M. Neeley, A. D. O’Connell, H. Wang, John M. Martinis and A. N. Cleland ()
Additional contact information
Max Hofheinz: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
E. M. Weig: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
M. Ansmann: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
Radoslaw C. Bialczak: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
Erik Lucero: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
M. Neeley: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
A. D. O’Connell: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
H. Wang: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
John M. Martinis: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
A. N. Cleland: University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA

Nature, 2008, vol. 454, issue 7202, 310-314

Abstract: Cavity quantum electrodynamics: Fock states represent quantum purity In cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), light–matter interactions between a single emitter (an atom or an atom-like system with discrete energy levels) and a resonant optical cavity are investigated at a fundamental level. Recent advances in solid-state implementations, which offer great design flexibility, have given this field considerable momentum. An outstanding important question has been which features in such a system show true quantum behaviour and cannot be explained with classical models. Hofheinz et al. study a 'circuit' QED system where a superconducting qubit acts as an atom-like two-energy level system and is embedded in a microwave transmission circuit, acting as the optical cavity. They demonstrate in this system the creation of pure quantum states, known as Fock states, which give specific numbers of energy quanta, in this case photons. Fock states with up to six photons are prepared and analysed. The results are important because cavity QED is expected to play a crucial role in the development of quantum information processing and communication applications.

Date: 2008
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DOI: 10.1038/nature07136

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