Spontaneous vortices in the formation of Bose–Einstein condensates

Chad N. Weiler, Tyler W. Neely, David R. Scherer, Ashton S. Bradley, Matthew J. Davis and Brian P. Anderson ()
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Chad N. Weiler: College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Tyler W. Neely: College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
David R. Scherer: College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Ashton S. Bradley: ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
Matthew J. Davis: ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
Brian P. Anderson: College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA

Nature, 2008, vol. 455, issue 7215, 948-951

Abstract: Vortex vision One prominent element of many continuous phase transitions is the spontaneous formation of topological defects as the system passes through the critical point. The microscopic dynamics of defect formation in such transitions are generally difficult to investigate. The authors present an experimental and theoretical study of the Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition of a trapped atomic gas. They observe and statistically characterize the vortices (or defects) formed spontaneously during condensation. The results provide further understanding of the development of coherence in superfluids, and may allow for direct investigation of universal phase transition dynamics.

Date: 2008
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DOI: 10.1038/nature07334

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