Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging

Byoungwoo Kang and Gerbrand Ceder ()
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Byoungwoo Kang: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
Gerbrand Ceder: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

Nature, 2009, vol. 458, issue 7235, 190-193

Abstract: High-speed batteries Batteries are thought of as having high energy density but low power rates, while for fast-discharging supercapacitors the opposite is true. Byoungwoo Kang and Gerbrand Ceder have now developed a lithium-ion battery that challenges that assumption, discharging extremely rapidly and maintaining a power density similar to a supercapacitor, two orders of magnitude higher than a normal lithium-ion battery. This is achieved by modifying LiFePO4, a material widely used in batteries. The starting point is nanosized LiFePO4, which already gives relatively fast discharge rates, which is then coated with a similar compound that is slightly Fe,P,O-deficient. On heating, the coating forms a glassy top layer that enhances lithium-ion mobility. The performance of batteries based on this technology could lead to new applications for electrochemical energy storage.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1038/nature07853

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