Glycerol monolaurate prevents mucosal SIV transmission

Qingsheng Li, Jacob D. Estes, Patrick M. Schlievert, Lijie Duan, Amanda J. Brosnahan, Peter J. Southern, Cavan S. Reilly, Marnie L. Peterson, Nancy Schultz-Darken, Kevin G. Brunner, Karla R. Nephew, Stefan Pambuccian, Jeffrey D. Lifson, John V. Carlis and Ashley T. Haase ()
Additional contact information
Qingsheng Li: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Jacob D. Estes: AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Science Applications International Corporation–Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
Patrick M. Schlievert: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Lijie Duan: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Amanda J. Brosnahan: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Peter J. Southern: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Cavan S. Reilly: School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MMC 303, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Marnie L. Peterson: College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 2001 Sixth Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Nancy Schultz-Darken: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
Kevin G. Brunner: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
Karla R. Nephew: Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
Stefan Pambuccian: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 76, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Jeffrey D. Lifson: AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Science Applications International Corporation–Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
John V. Carlis: Institute of Technology, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
Ashley T. Haase: Medical School, University of Minnesota, MMC 196, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

Nature, 2009, vol. 458, issue 7241, 1034-1038

Abstract: HIV/AIDS prevention Clinical trials of microbicides as a means of preventing the transmission of HIV-1 to women have proved disappointing. Now a study in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)–rhesus macaque vaginal transmission model for HIV infection suggests that a prophylactic approach might yet be worth pursuing. The commonly used antimicrobial compound glycerol monolaurate (GML) was found to suppress SIV infection even after repeated virus exposure. But its mechanism of action was surprising. The host's inflammatory response to the virus, rather than helping, was shown to fuel the infection by recruiting the very CD4+ T cells that the virus targets. GML's prophylactic action appeared to result from its ability to block this host response, rather than from a direct effect on the virus. This points to cell signalling and innate host responses in the mucosal cells as potential targets for drugs and vaccines aimed at preventing infection by HIV — and by other pathogens too if they use similar infection strategies.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1038/nature07831

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