qiRNA is a new type of small interfering RNA induced by DNA damage

Heng-Chi Lee, Shwu-Shin Chang, Swati Choudhary, Antti P. Aalto, Mekhala Maiti, Dennis H. Bamford and Yi Liu ()
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Heng-Chi Lee: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
Shwu-Shin Chang: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
Swati Choudhary: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
Antti P. Aalto: Biocenter 2, PO Box 56, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki
Mekhala Maiti: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
Dennis H. Bamford: Biocenter 2, PO Box 56, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki
Yi Liu: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA

Nature, 2009, vol. 459, issue 7244, 274-277

Abstract: Damage control: small RNAs involved in DNA repair in Neurospora RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene silencing mechanism conserved from fungi to humans. High-throughput sequencing has highlighted a vast reservoir of small non-coding RNAs in animals and plants, many of whose function remains to be determined. Despite the conservation of the RNAi pathways, whether similar types of small RNAs exist in the lower eukaryotes has been largely unexplored. Now a novel class of small RNAs has been identified in the filamentous fungus Neurospora. Named qiRNAs, for their association with the Argonaute protein QDE-2, like QDE-2 they appear in response to DNA damage. At about 20 nucleotides long they are slightly shorter than Neurospora siRNAs. Neurospora RNAi mutants exhibit increased sensitivity to DNA damage, suggesting a role for qiRNAs in DNA repair as inhibitors of protein translation.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1038/nature08041

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